Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics | 2026
Authors: Manowanna S.; Chaopaisarn P.; Lai P.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajsl.2026.05.002
Journal: Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics
Year: 2026
Publisher: Korean Association of Shipping and Logistics, Inc.
Document Type: Article
Open Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
Cited by: 0
Background Thailand is one of the world’s leading exporters of agricultural food products, yet small and medium enterprises (SMEs) continue to face significant challenges in maintaining efficient cold chain logistics and minimizing food loss and waste. This study investigates the structural relationships between digital transformation adoption readiness, smart management systems, Supply Chain 4.0 operational capabilities (SC40C), organisational capabilities, and food loss and waste minimization among agricultural food SMEs in Thailand. Approach Survey data were collected from 452 SMEs operating in the agricultural food sector and analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM). Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate the reliability and validity of the measurement model. Findings The results indicate that digital transformation adoption readiness and smart management systems are positively associated with SC4OC and organisational capabilities. In turn, organisational capabilities demonstrate a strong positive influence on food loss and waste minimisation. Although the model fit indices indicate a moderate fit (CMIN/DF = 4.251, RMSEA = 0.085, GFI = 0.882, CFI = 0.878), the results provide empirical evidence that technological integration and management system innovation play important roles in improving operational capabilities and reducing food loss within SME cold chain logistics systems. Contribution This study contributes to the emerging literature on Cold Chain Logistics 4.0 in developing economies, highlighting the mechanisms through which digital transformation and smart management practices support operational improvements in resource-constrained SMEs. The findings provide practical insights for managers and policymakers seeking to strengthen cold chain efficiency and reduce food waste in agricultural supply chains. © 2026 The Authors.
Agricultural food industry; Cold chain logistics 4.0; Digital transformation; Food loss and waste; SMEs; Supply chain 4.0; Thailand