Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences | 2026
Authors: Apan R.D.; Ciornei C.M.
DOI: 10.24193/tras.77E.2
Journal: Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences
Year: 2026
Publisher: Babes-Bolyai University
Document Type: Article
Open Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access; Green Open Access
Cited by: 0
This article examines the emerging role of debt counseling within Romania’s social services in the context of Directive (EU) 2023/2225. Over-indebtedness is increasingly recognized across Europe as both an economic and a social risk, with significant implications for mental health, family stability, and social inclusion. Building on a comparative review of European good practice in France, Germany, and Ireland, together with a case study conducted in Cluj County, the paper explores the necessity, feasibility, and institutional implications of introducing debt counseling into Romania’s welfare architecture. Empirical data were collected through a county-wide survey addressed to professionals working in community-based social services. Findings reveal a broad professional consensus: 93% of respondents consider debt counseling not merely useful but essential in supporting vulnerable families to manage their financial resources and avoid longterm exclusion. Respondents identified multiple sources of financial distress, ranging from high-cost loans and credit unions to informal borrowing and limited fiscal literacy. At the same time, they emphasized the need for specialized training and the development of a clear legal and institutional framework. The article argues that debt counseling should not be seen as an optional service but as a core obligation of modern social protection. Policy recommendations include the official recognition of the function, the creation of a national training curriculum, pilot projects for gradual implementation, and inter-sectoral partnerships. Romania has the opportunity to turn a European legal requirement into a national commitment to social solidarity and resilience. © 2026, Babes-Bolyai University. All rights reserved.
debt counseling; EU Directive 2023/2225; over-indebtedness; public administration; Romania; social services