Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College | 2026
Authors: Atta I.; Tasleem M.; Hina M.; Rubab S.S.; Iftikhar W.; Tafweez R.
DOI: 10.37939/jrmc.v30i1.3105
Journal: Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College
Year: 2026
Publisher: Rawalpindi Medical University
Document Type: Article
Open Access: All Open Access; Gold Open Access
Cited by: 0
Objective: This study aimed to assess the morphological and morphometric variations in the dry human sacrum, considering the clinical importance of sacral variations in different interventions. Methods: Thirty-nine dry human sacra were inspected in the Department of Anatomy, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, from April to June 2024. Specimens with any abnormalities or fractures were not included. All measurements, including the width and height of the sacral canal and hiatus, were taken using a digital Vernier caliper. All data were assessed using SPSS version 26. Results: The most prevalent shape of the sacral hiatus was an inverted V, accounting for 35.9%. Moreover, the most common shape of the sacral canal was a V shape, with 51.3%. The mean sacral height and width were 109.45 ± 14.75 mm and 105.21 ± 13.56 mm, respectively. The right and left oblique distances showed no significant difference. Conclusion: The Pakistani population showed substantial variation in the morphology of the sacrum. The prevalence of inverted V and V morphometry of the sacral hiatus and canal signifies specific population patterns. Various clinical procedures, such as ilio-sacral fixation, sacral nerve stimulation, and caudal epidural anaesthesia, require precise anatomical knowledge to ensure safety and accuracy. © 2026 Atta et al.
Epidural Anesthesia; Pakistan; Sacrum; Spinal canal